Tourism Geography
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    • Part I - Introduction >
      • 1.1.1 - Guilin
      • 1.1.2 - Danang
    • Part II - Emergence >
      • 2.2.1 - Brighton
      • 2.2.2 - KwaZulu-Natal
      • 2.3.1 - Europe
    • Part III - Relations >
      • 3.4.1 - Okavango
      • 3.4.2 - Pattaya
      • 3.4.3 - Wales
      • 3.5.1 - Warren NP
      • 3.5.2 - Mallorca
      • 3.6.1 - Belize
      • 3.6.2 - Pushkar
    • Part IV - Understandings >
      • 4.7.1 - Taj Mahal
      • 4.8.1 - Las Vegas
      • 4.9.1 - British Rails
      • 4.10.1 - Pueblo Indians
      • 4.11.1 - Foods
    • Part V - Futures >
      • 5.12.1 - Morocco
      • 5.12.2 - Spain
      • 5.12.3 - Hope Valley
      • 5.13.1 - Edinburgh
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PART IV  -  UNDERSTANDING TOURISM PLACES & SPACES
Tourism Geography, 3rd edition


CHAPTER ABSTRACTS & KEY CONCEPTS

Chapter 7 - Cultural constructions and invented places
​

While many factors contribute to the formation of new patterns of tourism, cultural influences provide a framework for understanding places and the way in which tourists select the different sites on which they gaze, as well as the performances they deliver as tourists. These performances, in turn, contribute to the process of defining (or making) tourist places. Theme parks, which are packed with overt symbolic meaning and covert social control, represent the epitome of culturally constructed places of tourist and host performance. 
  1. Every-Day Lives
  2. Geographic Place
  3. Globalisation
  4. Heritage Tourism
  5. Individual Agency
  6. Pseudo-events
  7. Place Promotion
  8. Place Theming
  9. Placelessness
  10. Postmodern Tourist
  11. Power of Place
  12. Sense of Place
  13. Theme Parks
  14. Tourism Place
  15. Tourism Roles
  16. Tourist Gaze
  17. Tourist Performance
  18. Tourist Practices
Chapter 8 - Theming the urban tourism
​

Tourism has been widely adopted as a key ingredient in the process of remaking and promoting cities as post-industrial places that are shaped around consumption (rather than traditional forms of economic production). The image of a city as a place to visit has become fundamental to the wider promotion of these places in global systems of urban competition and integration. Moreover, under processes of postmodern change, the contemporary development of cities is extending significantly the opportunities for tourism development, producing new spaces of tourism and new synergies between tourism and daily urban life.
  1. Fantasy Cities
  2. Festival Markets
  3. Postmodern Consumer
  4. Reflexivity
  5. Shopping
  6. Themed Restaurants
  7. Theming
  8. Tourist Cities
  9. Urban Tourism
Chapter 9 - The past as a foreign country: heritage as tourism
​

Interest in the past is informed by a complex combination of innate curiosity, nostalgia, aesthetics, identity and resistance, as well as by quests for a temporary escape from the perceived intensities of modernity, or for an authenticity that is believed to lie within the past. As demand for heritage tourism has become more embedded in daily life, so too has the range of sites that offer different heritage experiences been extended into new realms, eroding the hegemony of ‘high’ cultural forms of heritage and allowing other forms of popular culture to redefine the heritage tourism industry.
  1. Authenticity
  2. Dark Tourism
  3. Democratisation
  4. Heritage
  5. Heritage "Scapes"
  6. Heritage Tourism
  7. High and Low Culture
  8. Identity
  9. Nostalgia
  10. Political Economy
  11. Romantic Movement / Romanticism
  12. Roots Tourism / Ancestral Tourism
  13. Service Class
  14. Tangible and Intangible Heritage
Chapter 10 - Nature, risk and geographic exploration in tourism
​

The industrial revolution’s subjugation of natural resources produced a backlash in the rise of Romanticism and the redefining of nature as a places of inspiration and contemplation. This was a shift from earlier notions of fear that were associated with "terrae incognitae" (lands unknown). The tourism incognita of today are seen in the geographical limits beyond which individual tourists are not comfortable crossing. However, tourism has probably become the single most widespread manner in which people across this planet are physically overcoming the limits of geographic location and, as in the days of old, exploring unknown lands and territories. Ecotourism and adventure tourism, in their broader definitions, are two of the most significant ways that tourists encounter the natural world as a direct experience in this way.
  1. Adventure Tourism
  2. Alternative Tourism
  3. Ecotourism
  4. Managing Uncertainty
  5. Nature-based Tourism
  6. Peak Experience / Flow Experience
  7. Psychocentric / Allocentric
  8. Slum Tourism
  9. Terra Incognita
  10. Tourism Cognita
  11. Tourism Incognita
  12. Tourism Marketing
  13. Tourist Motivation
  14. Unguided / Self-Guided Tourism
  15. Volunteer Tourism / Voluntourism
  16. Wilderness
Chapter 11 - Consumption, identity and specialty tourisms
​

The tourism economy, more than most others, demonstrates how the consumption of goods and services is fundamentally one of acquiring experiences. This occurs through imaginations, spatial practices and perceptions and meanings, making tourism experiences a major way that personal identities are formed and performed, and integrated into every-day life. This is done through a wide variety of specialty or niche tourism opportunities. One example is wine tourism, which is form of culinary tourism and an expanding area of contemporary practice that illustrates both the complexity of consumption and identity, as well as several of the broader themes of the book as a whole.
  1. Biographical Narrative
  2. Collective Identity
  3. Conspicuous Consumption
  4. Consumption
  5. Cultural Turn
  6. Disembodied Subjectivity
  7. Embodied Experience
  8. Everyday Life
  9. Identity
  10. Lifestyle
  11. Liminality
  12. Modernity
  13. Narrative of Self
14.   Performance
15.   
Place Making
16.   Positional Consumption
17.   Postmodern Identity
18.   Reflexive
19.   Relational Space
20.   Renegotiated Identity
21.   Representations of Space
22.   Self-Actualization
23.   Sex Tourism
24.   The 'Other'
25.   Tourist Space
26.   Wine Tourism

CASE STUDIES

Chapter 7   Cultural constructions and invented places             
  • CASE STUDY 4.7.1 Tourist performance at the Taj Mahal in India
Chapter 8   Theming urban tourism 
  • CASE STUDY 4.8.1 Las Vegas: creating a fantasy tourist city
Chapter 9  The past as a foreign country: heritage as tourism
  • CASE STUDY 4.9.1 Railway Heritage in Britain
Chapter 10  Nature, risk and geographic exploration in tourism
  • CASE STUDY 4.10.1 Pueblo Indian tourism in the American Southwest
Chapter 11  Consumption, identity and specialty tourisms
  • CASE STUDY 4.11.1 Ethnic food identity and the tourism experience
TOURISM NEWS: ATTRACTIONS (Tourism Places, Image & Theming, Heritage & Culture, Nature & Environment, Events, and Consumption & Experience)
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