PART IV - UNDERSTANDING TOURISM PLACES & SPACES
Tourism Geography, 3rd edition
CHAPTER ABSTRACTS & KEY CONCEPTS
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Chapter 7 - Cultural constructions and invented places
While many factors contribute to the formation of new patterns of tourism, cultural influences provide a framework for understanding places and the way in which tourists select the different sites on which they gaze, as well as the performances they deliver as tourists. These performances, in turn, contribute to the process of defining (or making) tourist places. Theme parks, which are packed with overt symbolic meaning and covert social control, represent the epitome of culturally constructed places of tourist and host performance.
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Chapter 8 - Theming the urban tourism
Tourism has been widely adopted as a key ingredient in the process of remaking and promoting cities as post-industrial places that are shaped around consumption (rather than traditional forms of economic production). The image of a city as a place to visit has become fundamental to the wider promotion of these places in global systems of urban competition and integration. Moreover, under processes of postmodern change, the contemporary development of cities is extending significantly the opportunities for tourism development, producing new spaces of tourism and new synergies between tourism and daily urban life.
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Chapter 9 - The past as a foreign country: heritage as tourism
Interest in the past is informed by a complex combination of innate curiosity, nostalgia, aesthetics, identity and resistance, as well as by quests for a temporary escape from the perceived intensities of modernity, or for an authenticity that is believed to lie within the past. As demand for heritage tourism has become more embedded in daily life, so too has the range of sites that offer different heritage experiences been extended into new realms, eroding the hegemony of ‘high’ cultural forms of heritage and allowing other forms of popular culture to redefine the heritage tourism industry.
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Chapter 10 - Nature, risk and geographic exploration in tourism
The industrial revolution’s subjugation of natural resources produced a backlash in the rise of Romanticism and the redefining of nature as a places of inspiration and contemplation. This was a shift from earlier notions of fear that were associated with "terrae incognitae" (lands unknown). The tourism incognita of today are seen in the geographical limits beyond which individual tourists are not comfortable crossing. However, tourism has probably become the single most widespread manner in which people across this planet are physically overcoming the limits of geographic location and, as in the days of old, exploring unknown lands and territories. Ecotourism and adventure tourism, in their broader definitions, are two of the most significant ways that tourists encounter the natural world as a direct experience in this way.
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Chapter 11 - Consumption, identity and specialty tourisms
The tourism economy, more than most others, demonstrates how the consumption of goods and services is fundamentally one of acquiring experiences. This occurs through imaginations, spatial practices and perceptions and meanings, making tourism experiences a major way that personal identities are formed and performed, and integrated into every-day life. This is done through a wide variety of specialty or niche tourism opportunities. One example is wine tourism, which is form of culinary tourism and an expanding area of contemporary practice that illustrates both the complexity of consumption and identity, as well as several of the broader themes of the book as a whole.
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CASE STUDIES
Chapter 7 Cultural constructions and invented places
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TOURISM NEWS: ATTRACTIONS (Tourism Places, Image & Theming, Heritage & Culture, Nature & Environment, Events, and Consumption & Experience)
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